Pick the sprint's most painful problem and ask 'why' five times until the root cause appears. Narrow but deep — best when one issue clearly dominates.
Collect candidate problems, vote, choose one — phrase it as a fact.
Chain the whys visibly; branch if answers split. Facts, not blame.
Read the chain backwards: does each 'therefore' hold?
Agree 1–2 owned actions that attack the root, not the symptom.